I have been repeating what has been published by scholars in the field. What are you referencing? You on the other hand are referencing opinion, hearsay and innuendo. Otherwise, point to me a published scholarly article saying that ancient Egypt was not primarily populated by indigenous Africans. And most current research says that the ancient Nile was populated primarily from the South and West. The fact that Abydos, Hierankopolis, Nekhen and Naqada(Nubt) are in the south is no coincidence. It is also no coincidence that you have larger numbers of black Egyptians in these areas.

Here are references to Africans primarily being the origin of dynastic Egypt, which Hawass and others seem to have failed to notice, or don't want to, which makes their position either a lie or uninformed opinions that have no bearing on reality:


Exodus from Drying Sahara gave rise to the Pharoahs

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"The Nile Valley was almost devoid of settlement until about exactly the time that the Egyptian Sahara was so dry people could not live there anymore," Dr Kropelin told the BBC News website.

From:
Ancient humans followed the rains


Before the mummies Desert Origins of the Pharoahs

And in addition to these there are the studies showing that many advanced cultures existed in the Southern Regions of Egypt long before the dynastic period, that also helped spur dynastic civilization:

Nabta Playa:

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About 4,800 years ago there was another climatic change. The African monsoons shifted south to approximately the same area that they were prior to 12,000 years ago. The land became hyper-arid again and caused human habitation at Nabta to cease. The cattle worshipping people of Nabta had to migrate to a more livable area. But to where did these people migrate? Some people believe that the people of Nabta eventually made their way to the Nile Valley. Perhaps they were the people responsible for the rise of the Egyptian Empire. This theory is based on the prominence of cattle in the religious belief system of Pre-dynastic Egypt continuing into the Old Kingdom.

From: [www.mnsu.edu]

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Stone megaliths, like those of Stonehenge in England, were found at Nabta Playa, except they predated both Stonehenge and the pyramids of Egypt. These stone slabs have a north/south alignment, which, during rainfall, would be partially submerged in the lake. There was also a “Calendar Circle” found within the area as well. The stones of this circle were lined up so that they would have aligned with the summer solstice about 6,800 years ago. This was very important to the people of Nabta Playa back then because it marked the beginning of the very important monsoon season.

From: [www.mnsu.edu]

Wadi Kubbaniya:

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In Egypt, the earliest evidence of humans can be recognized only from tools found scattered over an ancient surface, sometimes with hearths nearby. In Wadi Kubbaniya, a dried-up streambed cutting through the Western Desert to the floodplain northwest of Aswan in Upper Egypt, some interesting sites of the kind described above have been recorded. A cluster of Late Paleolithic camps was located in two different topographic zones: on the tops of dunes and the floor of the wadi (streambed) where it enters the valley. Although no signs of houses were found, diverse and sophisticated stone implements for hunting, fishing, and collecting and processing plants were discovered around hearths. Most tools were bladelets made from a local stone called chert that is widely used in tool fabrication. The bones of wild cattle, hartebeest, many types of fish and birds, as well as the occasional hippopotamus have been identified in the occupation layers. Charred remains of plants that the inhabitants consumed, especially tubers, have also been found.

From: [www.metmuseum.org]

All of these sites were populated by indigenous Africans and are to the South and West of Egypt. Most of the ancient city states that gave rise to dynastic Egypt were also in the South of Egypt. Again, what would these people have been if not indigenous black Africans from the South? Therefore, there where are your references that state the original Egyptians were non indigenous non African pale/olive/tanned whites from somewhere other than Africa?

And this is just some of the current research. Suffice to say, the idea that ancient Egypt was populated from Mesopotamia is no longer considered sound. If you take all the various sites of human habitation, tool industries, agriculture, pottery, animal domestication and settlements along the Nile from the Delta to deep into Sudan, you will see that they all are part of a Nile Valley pattern of civilization that predates anything from Mesopotamia, which itself is a collection of various settlements, city states and cultures that are not one single entity or nation state. Most people don't know about these sites along the Nile because they are so old and go by so many different names, some are named based on the types of tools they used, some by where they were found and others by very arbitrary naming schemes. However, no matter the various naming conventions, it cannot be denied that they are part of an overall indigenous African Nile Valley development toward civilization and culture that culminated in the creation of dynastic Egypt.






Edited 1 time(s). Last edit at 10/10/2007 08:11AM by Doug M.