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I received some feedback from a highly respected academic that they felt my paper had several problems, including:
1. The core idea itself is very old and harks back to the ideas of Taylor and Piazzi Smyth;
2. The numbers as presented were very much skewed in favour of the design model; and
3. The presentation was confusing.
With this feedback, I have made significant changes to the paper:
by
engbren
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Ancient Egypt
I have published a major update to the draft paper following feedback received on academia.edu :
This includes:
1. Extensive referencing updates throughout,
2. Shifting many of the quotes into footnotes to aid readability,
3. Removal of the upper chamber of the Red Pyramid as evidence for my theory;
4. The inclusion of additional details on the Pyramidion of the Satellite Pyramid of Khu
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
I am investigating another possible reference to Saturn in the position of the Entrance to the Great Pyramid. Legon notes the vertical height of the entrance to be 32.4 Cubits. Leveraging the 14:11 ratio, it is therefore approximately 25.45 Cubits horizontally in from the base. The Synodic Period of Saturn can be expressed as 12 mean lunar months of ~29.53 days plus 24 days per De Jong Table 2. I
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
Hi Hermione,
Thank you for your efforts - I looked at the same Lockyer publications as well as several journal articles available on archive.org and couldn’t find anything referencing the Sed festival at all.
I have found the following which each indicate the possibility that the sed festival timing is based on the orbital period of Saturn:
Sellers, J., The Death of Gods in Ancient Egypt,
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
I have been told that Lockyer (I assume Norman Lockyer) first looked at the relationship of the timing of the Sed Festival to the Orbital Period of Saturn. Unfortunately, I cannot find any reference. Does anyone here know of the reference?
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
Just adding a reference to Puchkov himself explaining the key points driving his theory. Jim is identifying the same problem as Puchkov in that there is an over reliance on the established chronology in carbon dating of the Old Kingdom:
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
I’ve published an update to the paper which includes a review of the Red Pyramid’s upper chamber. The update is available here:
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
Ossendrijver identifies the Saturn System B sigma and tau zig zag functions to be of the form of template ZZ.A.1. This template having the defining parameters:
m is the minimum, smallest one, or depth;
M is the maximum, largest one or height; and
d is the difference (addition or subtraction).
The template ZZ.A.1 does not explain when to add d or subtract d but other templates do provide an ex
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
One of the questions that I wondered about was whether the Meydum pyramid - also attributed to Sneferu should be included in my analysis. This pyramid was also thought by Petrie to exhibit the same 14:11 ratio as Khufu’s. Petrie in the nature article referenced in my paper argued for a pi theory for this pyramid as well. There’s a couple of interesting points:
1. It’s baselength of 275 Royal Cu
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
I have made some further updates in the paper:
1. Discussed Brugsch references to Saturn in the Old Kingdom Pyramid Texts as well as his reference to Thoth with the same epithet as that of Saturn;
2. Refactored the discussion of the Sed festival rites;
2. Expanded the discussion on Legon's model of the Great Pyramid, identifying an alternate design which does not require or use the squa
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
I have updated the paper which unfortunately created a new link in Academia:
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
I have published a draft paper on Academia here . The paper discusses a new hypothesis that there is a common design theme for the Red, Bent, Khufu and Khafre pyramids of the Old Kingdom. I identify the common design theme and provide supporting evidence for it. As this is in draft, I would love to hear feedback on what you found convincing, or lacking in the paper so I can improve upon it.
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
On the designation of the planets, Quack tells us that:
Quote
“The Egyptians had a strong tendency to differentiate clearly between Sun and Moon, on the one hand (often called “the two luminaries”), and the five planets, on the other. At least for the late (demotic) phase of the Egyptian language, the term the (five) living stars is clearly attested as a specific term for the planets. It is unce
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
I’ve found the following references
Gardiner: “I have no light to throw on the whereabouts of the wnt; it may be the name of the sanctuary of Hermopolis Magna, or it may be the name of an earlier sanctuary of Thoth in the Delta; or it may be a purely mythical building”.
Raw ash: According to Spell 657 of coffin text52 the house of Thoth is the place where letters was sealed in as follows:
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
Hi,
According to the Global Egyptian Museum, Hemiunu has the title “ "[4] Eldest of the Palace, 'Greatest of the Five' (in) the House of Thoth, who loves his lord, the Sole Friend".
Ankhhaf also has a similar title: "King's son of his body, chief justice and vizier, greatest of the five of the House of Thoth".
I am looking for some background as to the
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
Hi Mark,
The site I referenced has a hypothesis on the position of the sarcophagus demonstrating a relationship to Phi. The details are not that important, it was just an example of an alternative idea. I was in essence asking in your opinion, what are the pros and cons of your idea.
Regards,
Brendan
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
Hi Mark,
What is the context for the model that differentiates it from any other? For example, this one:
Thanks,
Brendan
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
The Apis Bull is connected to Khufu’s Vizier Hemiunu through his titles, one of which is "[3] Staff of Apis, Staff of the White Bull, who loves his lord" (refer to Global Egyptian Museum). According to Simpson:
QuoteSimpson
On the sealing King Dn (also read Wdi-mw, Ny-wdiw etc.) is represented wearing the Lower Egyptian crown and running before the Apis bull, apparently in the ceremony
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engbren
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Alternative Geometry and Numerology
Just a correction- it is the sigma zig zag function that I have found the correlation for not the tau function. I have not found any correlation for the Tau zig zag function in the Babylonian System B.
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engbren
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Alternative Geometry and Numerology
I am updating on a new find with respect to the System B numbers:
QuoteOssendrijver
“For Saturn: the height is 14;4,42,30, the depth 11;14,2,30, the difference 0;12”
These are sexagesimal numbers - the part before the semicolon is an integer and the part after the semicolon is fractional. For now let’s work on the integer portion of the height and the depth.
We have height of 14 against t
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engbren
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Alternative Geometry and Numerology
Hermione Wrote:
-------------------------------------------------------
> Hi engbren,
>
> ...
>
> > it is not entirely out of
> > the question that Khufu or his Vizier Hemiunu
> were
> > indeed interested in Saturn.
>
> I regret that I don't find these arguments very
> convincing.
>
> Khufu's full cartouche name was Khnu
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engbren
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Alternative Geometry and Numerology
Hi Hermione,
I couldn't find any contemporary evidence either linking Khufu to Saturn. The Uruk text containing the System A and System B parameters are significantly younger than the Great Pyramid, which also poses questions for me. However, there is a trail indicating a possible linkage:
1. Hemiunu who is Khufu's Vizier and who is believed to have been the architect of Khufu'
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engbren
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Alternative Geometry and Numerology
There appears to be a correlation between various external dimensions of the Great Pyramid or Khufu’s pyramid and the Babylonian System A and System B parameters for Saturn.
Starting with the System B parameters for the Zig Zag Tau function. In Uruk text
“For Saturn: the height is 14;4,42,30, the depth 11;14,2,30, the difference 0;12”
Babylonian Mathematical Astronomy: Procedure Texts By
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engbren
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Alternative Geometry and Numerology
I have been thinking about the offerings that Khufu provides to the former Pharoahs that feature in the stories of the Westcar Papyrus. In the examples we have available to analyse, the offering is always the same for Pharoah Djoser, Nebka and Sneferu:
1,000 loaves of bread;
100 jars of beer;
1 ox; and
2 balls of incense.
Given the repetition of these numbers in the stories and the fact
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
Thanks Hermione - appreciate the effort. I will keep looking for a more knowledgeable source.
Regards,
Brendan
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
I am trying to understand the context of the word "Ox" (jw3/jwA) in middle Egyptian texts. In modern agriculture, an Ox is typically a castrated male bovine. However, Ox can mean any bovine male or female with a typical use as a draft animal. Specifically, what I am seeking is clarity on whether Ox / jw3 could be used interchangeably as bull (k3/kA).
James P Allen's "Middle
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
Hi Alex,
That’s a really important statement that provides support to your thesis. It’s taken several re-reads to fully understand the significance of your work but I think you’ve put together a compelling argument which this strengthens. Well done.
Regards,
Brendan
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
I've published a major revision to my paper here:
The Westcar Papyrus is an ancient Egyptian papyrus thought to date to the Hyksos period (circa 18th to 16th century BCE). The collection of stories centres around the IVth Dynasty Pharaoh Khufu (aka Cheops) and a series of wonders or acts of magic performed by various priests. The stories have been given the title “King Cheops and the
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
Hermione Wrote:
-------------------------------------------------------
> engbren Wrote:
> -------------------------------------------------------
> ...
>
> > ... why use a system of mythology at
> > all in a culture that has developed writing.
>
> ...
>
> Have I understood this properly?
>
> People who have developed writing should aban
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
One of the areas that I do not touch heavily upon in my paper is why use a system of mythology at all in a culture that has developed writing. The University College of London summarises research into the expected literacy rates of ancient Egypt:
Rates vary across time and location (urban vs rural) in various studies but essentially estimates vary from 1-5% up to 15% of the population being li
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engbren
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Ancient Egypt
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Pages: 12345