Ahatmose Wrote:
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> And to make it clear to myself and others reading
> your paper could you walk us through how all this
> was done. How it was measured, with what and even
> how was The Tropic of Cancer actually found time
> and time again, in fact how it was found the first
> time ? There aren't that many wells. Was each year
> marked ? I honestly am not trying to be difficult
> but as it appears the data seems to work you must
> now show us how it was done, step by step. Maybe
> Heliopolis was founded first and they backtracked
> to Zep Tepi. I am not arguing the data (yet) but
> how they obtained it.
>
> It almost seems as if they had all this
> information going in. But of course that is
> impossible ... or maybe it really was "The Gods" ?
>
> regards
> db


I would imagine that knowledge of the Sun's overhead position long predates the AE civilization.
The latitude of the Tropic oscillates between c.22.5 to 24.3 degrees N, by about 112 miles between its extremes of terrestrial latitude.
Those lands either side of the Nile were inhabited tens of thousands of years before the AE civilization arose.
Knowledge of how the overhead Sun moved from N–S and then from S–N is likely the result of aeons of empirical observations.

To fix the position of the Tropic a minimum of two, or ideally three solar wells is required, then, as per Eratosthenes' replication of the AE method,
the angular amount of 'the shadows' can be marked by well-shafts or gnomons, and calculated over time to provide the parallel of the Tropic
and also its rate of ground-speed. I pointed out earlier that the lands along the Nile S. of the Aswan High Dam, which lay under the passover of the center
of the Sun Eye from c.2450 BC onwards, have been flooded by Lake Nasser, so, who knows how many such wells may once have existed?

Heliopolis was founded at sometime during the late predynastic period at 30.1 deg. N, at six degrees of latitude above the place of the Creation of Atum.
As were Memphis and Helwan, at 15' of latitude south of Heliopolis, in accord with the parameters of the Eye of Re. See the records of the AE 'Senut Festival'
those of the 'sixth sky'. Note that Tallet recently discovered a record of the existence of Memphis during the reign of Iry-Hor, who preceded the Unification.
It's the location of the Temple of Buto which is more important to the reasons for the longitudinal positions of the Khufu and Khafre. I'll send you a draft of what
I've been working on lately when done later this month...

As far as when the Creation mythology of Atum arose, and when the Egyptian civil calendar came into usage – sometime between c.3750 BC to 3600 BC
would be a best estimate given the evidence now available. The date of Sp Tpy was certainly retro-calculated. That's all better explained in TPoG – ECaS.

I wish I knew everything, but alas. I don't have a clue how the Pyramid Builders were able to construct the Giza monuments, but the evidence shows they did.
Just because we don't know exactly how the AE were able to accomplish everything they did, doesn't change what we see exists. Unless you want to go down
the road to Atlantis or other such wack, etc..