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Hermione Wrote:
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> ... just so the powder can be poured into a mould
> in order to turn it back into a block.
Not powder. Take a look at Davidovits famous video with his Egyptian-style dressed colleagues building a collection of 15 tons of pyramid limestone. The limestone they use is soft and can be scraped by hand or simple woode
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Hermione Wrote:
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> the theories of Davidovits/Morris and
> Barsoum/Ganguly/Hug were emphatically dismissed as
> "nonsense" by Klemm & Klemm
I’m well aware of the percussion-theorists’ emotional reaction about this research using contemporary material analysis methods directly looking at what is there.
Have Klemm
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Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Hermione Wrote:
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> There are a few references to Sirius in this
> thesis -
>
Yes, that work by Barbara Ann Richter was a great finding. I already extracted the Sirius section and copied to .
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
The engineers' goal is to avoided trouble and unnecessary work. They wouldn't have ground up hard stone. They used soft limestone species (at that time) which could easily be grounded up without special tools. The hard species of limestone was avoided. Later when they lost the recipe or resources for geopolymer, they used complete blocks and those may have been the known reports about s
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Hans Wrote:
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> Of course but then they pounded it into dust and made it into geostuff.
Exactly. Because it solves many problems:
* simple transport in small bags
* no huge ships needed for transport
* no ramps or cranes needed for moving at the construction site
* no special tools needed for fine carving
* no complications for jo
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
As an engineer I see it this way: Until an actual wall is build out of three-dimensionally irregular hewn blocks without air gap in the mortar-free joints, I just consider the method as proven which actually could produce that. And that was demonstrated in the famous 2006 video by Davidovits, who created full size geopolymer pyramid limestone blocks which hardened within a few hours, even includi
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
The statement "This ... conclusion seems to indicate that the research conducted by Barsoum and Ganguly is not sufficient to confirm Mr. Davidovits' hypothesis" is logically and legally correct, but it doesn't help anyone here to understand the discussion and scientific findings by SEM analysis.
Because Davidovits sees all or most of the limestone blocks of the GP as artifi
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
And not to forget Michel Barsoum, Prof for Material Science of modern industrial ceramics at Drexel University, who came to the conclusion by SEM analysis of actual Great Pyramid stones in 2006, that at least the outer few layers are artificial limestone, reagglomerated from crushed lose limestone from the known quarries and surroundings:
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
I've created branch (Sirius Hathor Temple relation: external references) now to collect external references about the Sirius Hathor Temple relation. Isis is also already named there in that context.
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Let's collect in this thread research and references provided from external sources about the connection of Sirius with the Hathor Temple.
The Theology of Hathor of Dendera: Aural and Visual Scribal Techniques in the Per-Wer Sanctuary, Barbara Ann Richter, 2012
* page 3: Her journey south may also reflect the disappearance of the star Sirius (equated with Isis), and its return, which
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
I’ll collect some and add later today in this discussion with a separate title.
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Byrd Wrote:
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> The building was built by Augustus (so AFTER
> Julius Caesar) and doesn't really reflect any
> ancient Egyptian knowledge or knowledge of Sirius.
That was also a bit confusing, why they were hiding that temple behind the larger Hathor one, if it really was built later.
If it was built later: Was the easter
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Byrd Wrote:
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> That's pretty much in line with their surveying abilities and their construction methods
> of other large stone buildings.
I'm not doubting that the engineers and architects of the GP had precise surveying abilities. And as we found out now by comparing with modern code or norms, their measurement precisi
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Wait, I guess we mixed measurement precision with construction precision. The 30mm tolerance over 30m on that German page is the construction tolerance of the actual concrete. The ISO 4463 appears to be only the measurement precision, not the tolerance of the actual parts or construction.
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Byrd Wrote:
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> Not as good as modern standards, according to this
> manual of construction tolerances:
>
Nice, that's helpful!
Ok, the GP would not conform to ISO 4463 (published 1989) regarding its ground square dimensions as its 14cm length deviation for the 230m side length from the shortest to the longest of the 4 w
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Hermione Wrote:
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> Byrd Wrote:
> -------------------------------------------------------
> > The GP (and others) are hardly "precisely
> > constructed." Seriously.
That's not a generally true statement about the Great Pyramid.
The base length deviation of the four 230m long sides is about 14cm.
The
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Byrd Wrote:
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> It also points to a lot of other things.
I’m not excluding that, but haven’t seen any precise pointing yet within 1 degree. Do you have an example?
> In order to support your idea, you have to show
> other material that proves that the architect
> "intentionally" wanted Sirius instead of something
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Byrd Wrote:
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> It's my interpretation - just as the orientation
> to Sirius is your interpretation.
The east-west axis is geometrically pointing to the yearly rising location of Sirius. That's an observable fact. My interpretation then is, that the temple architect intentionally chose that rotation angle to fit this Sir
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Byrd Wrote:
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> Remember that the constellation wasn't "Draco"... it was "Taweret" the protector, who restrains evil and harm.
I'm just seeing that the only geometric match for alignment of that 18° rotation from north is the yearly Sirius rising point on the horizon.
Is the 18° rotation towards north d
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Byrd Wrote:
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> You can't see Sirius rising from any point in the
> temple -- or indeed any sunrise.
You can use the front or back wall as visor line, simple. But yes, there is no visible feature for the casual local visitor as the 18° rotation angle from north is only visible on aerial maps. Even a compass wouldn't help
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Byrd Wrote:
> Beyond your own belief that the temple indicated
> something about Sirius, there is no evidence that
> Sirius has any real significance at Dendera
I'm not into beliefs. I see that the whole temple is rotated from true north by the precise angle to point with 2 of the 4 sides towards the horizon location where Sirius re-appears after its yearly pause. And this t
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Fortunately, we could keep the term sothic cycle / sothis cycle out of this discussion. I’m just adding it now as those searching for it may find the discussion here interesting.
In my interpretation the sothic cycle doesn’t matter for a practical calendar as the synchronization just by observing the heliacal Sirius rising was precise enough for many centuries due to the astrometric aspects of t
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Chris Tedder Wrote:
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> The sun disk with a single uraeus (N6)
Interesting that this same symbol, but there with only one full attachment and one not fully developed or shrunken attachment exists.
I'm wondering if no Egyptologist has ever asked an anthropologist and also an ornithologist about these two...
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Byrd Wrote:
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> But there's no feature that points to Sirius.
You mean geometrically pointing to the star or by symbols?
Geometrically, the facade and the backside wall are aligned perfectly to the heliacal rising location on the horizon. But you are right that there is no visor, or door, or any help for the casual visitor direct
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Hermione Wrote:
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> I'm not sure that there's any evidence that Julius Caesar or Cleopatra saw the world in quite this fashion.
Me neither, but I just wrote it to show that good reasons exists why Caesar created this new calendar and defined the start of the year at the point where we have it still today (with the small corre
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient History
Holger Isenberg Wrote:
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> Searching around for the definition of Hathor’s
> birthday only turned up the Sirius helical rising day for me.
Byrd Wrote:
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> Hagar, Stansbury. "What was the star of
> Bethlehem." Popular Astronomy 26 (1918): 229.
That article i
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Byrd Wrote:
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> So if Sopdet's being subsumed by Isis at this
> period, how would Caesar be impressed with Sirius
> by visiting a temple to Hathor that has nothing in
> it of major importance that relates to Sirius?
Cleopatra to Ceasar while they have brunch on the temple terrace: Hey big C, do you see this group of wh
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient History
Searching around for the definition of Hathor’s birthday only turned up the Sirius helical rising day for me. Can you point me to this 10 day before definition or other definitions?
Temples in ancient Europe are inded almost exclusively aligned to certain Sun rise/set locations, mostly solstices as the equinoxs are more difficult to determine without high precision gear. The solstices are rela
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
Even with a calculated constant axial precession of the standard astronomy model and the proper motion of Sirus itself in front of the other stars, the 108° direction of the Sirius heliacal rising at Dendera doesn't change much between 54 BCE over 1583 CE to present 2022 CE. I guess that's due to a geometrical effect at the time of the rising and local latitude as the long term movement
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
I searched around for older postings about Sirius in relation to the calendar or Dendera and found the following most interesting:
This is a great one! Robert Bauval on his red bike "Satis", that's more for folklore and celebration
Robert, if you are reading here, check out my poster linked from .
Robert's posting about this paper:
On the Orientation of Ancient Egy
by
Holger Isenberg
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Ancient Egypt
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Pages: 1234