bernard Wrote:
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> I got to the library today and a bunch of
> interesting papers. This one seems to be quite
> up-to-date. The establishment is buying into
> pre-Clovis and a coastal migration. ;-).
>
> T.G Schurr and S.T. Sherry. 2004. “Mitochondrial
> DNA and Y Chromosome Diversity and the Peopling of
> the Americas: Evolutionary and Demographic
> Evidence,” Am. J. of Human Biology 16: 420-439.
>
> ABSTRACT: A number of important insight into the
> peopling of the New World have been gained through
> molecular studies of Siberian and native American
> populations. While there is no complete agreement
> on the interpretation of the mitochondrial DNA
> (mtDNA) and the Y chromosome (NRY) data from
> theses groups, several generalizations can be
> made. To begin with, the primary migration of
> ancestral Asians expanded from south-central
> Siberia into the New World and gave rise to the
> Amerindians. The initial migration seems to have
> occurred between 20,000-15,000 calendar years
> before present (cal BP), i.e. before the
> emergence of Clovis lithic sites (13,500-12,895
> cal BP) in North America. Because an interior
> route through northern North America was
> unavailable for human passage until 12,550 cal BP,
> after the last glacial maximum (LMG), these
> ancestral groups must have used a coastal route to
> reach south America by 14,675 cal BP, the date of
> the Monte Verde site in southern Chile. The
> initial migration appears to have brought mtDNA
> haplogroups A-D and NRY haplogroups P-M45a and
> Q-242/Q-M3 to the New World, with these genetic
> lineages becoming widespread in the Americas. A
> second expansion that perhaps coincided with the
> opening of the ice-free corridor probably brought
> mtDNA haplogroup X and NRY haplogroups P-M45b,
> C-M130, and R1a1-M17 to North and Central America.
> Finally populations that formerly inhabited
> Beringia expanded into northern North America
> after the LGM and gave rise to the Eskimo-Aleuts
> and Na-Dene Indians.
>
> C-M130 haplotypes only found in Na-Dene speaking
> Tanoan, Navajo, and Chipewayan and Amerindian
> Cheyenne. R1a1-M17 haplotypes only seen in Guam
> (Ngobe) a Chibchan-speaking tribe from Costa Rica.
> Neither of these haplogroups has been detected in
> South American Indian populations.
>
> Bernard
>

Aloha Bernard,

Where is the R1a1-M17 found in North America? The author states that R1a1-M17 is in North and Central America, yet in the next paragraph it's seen only in Costa Rica. Or am I mixing up haplotypes and haplogroups?

Duncan